all88study10unit27outcomes43rob8

unit27 fields

sample_size	number	Participants allocated/enrolled to this unit — the randomized or baseline-characteristics-table N, before attrition. Do NOT use the analyzed/complete-case N when they differ under dropout. Prefer the baseline Table 1 N; fall back to the CONSORT 'allocated' count.
age_years	average	Age at enrollment/baseline in years.
female_percent	number	Percentage female in this unit. Calculate the complement if only male is given (60% male = 40% female). If the cohort is sex-restricted by procedure or eligibility, infer accordingly (a female-only procedure → 100; a male-only procedure → 0).
withdrawals	number	Participants in this unit who withdrew consent or discontinued participation between randomization/enrollment and final analysis. Count only consent-withdrawal and active discontinuation — do not include participants who remained enrolled but were not reached for follow-up.
lost_to_follow_up	number	Participants in this unit who remained enrolled but could not be reached for the final outcome assessment. Count only contact-loss with retained consent. If the paper reports a single combined count without distinguishing consent-withdrawal from contact-loss, record the combined count here and note the combined nature in the comment.
time_to_debridement_hours	average	Observed time in hours from time_zero to initial operative debridement/irrigation in this unit. Convert days to hours (×24). Use actual/observed times, not protocol targets. When only a range is given without a central value, leave unset and note the range in comment. Distinct from time_to_definitive_fixation_hours under staged care.
time_to_definitive_fixation_hours	average	Observed time in hours from time_zero to definitive fracture fixation in this unit. Convert days to hours (×24). Use actual/observed times. When debridement and fixation were the same procedure, this equals time_to_debridement_hours; when staged, use the later definitive-fixation time. Distinct from time_to_debridement_hours.
timing_event	debridementdefinitive_fixationany_surgery	Which operative event defines this study's early/late (or timed) grouping for this unit. debridement = split on time to initial irrigation/debridement; definitive_fixation = split on time to definitive fixation; any_surgery = paper uses undifferentiated 'time to surgery' without separating debridement from fixation. Infer from Methods' arm-definition wording; not_reported if the timed event is unstated.
timing_threshold	textharmonize	Study's exact operative-timing cutpoint verbatim as used to define arms (e.g., "≤6h vs >6h", "≤24h vs >24h", "24–72h vs >72h", ">2 days"). Capture the threshold string, not a normalized arm label. Same value may repeat across units within a study when both sides share one cut.
time_zero	injurypresentation	Anchor from which operative timing is measured. injury = from injury moment; presentation = from hospital/ED arrival or first presentation. A paper that does not state the anchor is not_reported — do not assume injury. Timing from injury is not comparable to timing from presentation.
reason_for_delay	text	Stated reasons delayed cases underwent later operative treatment, as reported for this unit (e.g., "transfer from outside facility", "operating-room availability", "polytrauma resuscitation"). Comma-separate multiple reasons. not_reported when the paper gives no delay rationale.
bmi	average	Body mass index in kg/m² at baseline in this unit.
diabetes_rate	rate	Participants in this unit with diabetes mellitus (any type) as reported at baseline. Prefer physician-diagnosed or charted diabetes; exclude isolated hyperglycemia without a diabetes label when the paper distinguishes them.
smoking_rate	rate	Participants in this unit who are current smokers at baseline as defined by the paper. Do not combine former smokers into the numerator unless the paper reports only a combined ever-smoked figure and states no current-only split — then use the combined figure and note combined definition in comment.
immunocompromised_rate	rate	Participants in this unit labelled immunocompromised or immunosuppressed at baseline (e.g., active chemotherapy, transplant immunosuppression, high-dose chronic steroids, advanced HIV). Use the paper's stated definition; do not infer from diabetes or smoking alone.
polytrauma_rate	rate	Participants in this unit with polytrauma or multiple-system injury concurrent with the open distal radius fracture, as defined by the paper (ISS threshold, additional long-bone/axial injuries, or explicit 'polytrauma' label).
gustilo_grade_distribution	text	Counts of open fractures by Gustilo-Anderson grade in this unit. Format: I=n, II=n, IIIa=n, IIIb=n, IIIc=n (omit grades not reported; keep III subdivided when the paper subdivides). When only pooled III is given, write III=n and note lack of ABC split in comment. Reconstruct from per-patient tables when arm-level totals are absent but grade and timing are row-wise. Not a timing arm — grade is a stratifier only.
wound_contamination	text	Wound contamination grade or description as reported for this unit (e.g., "clean", "contaminated", "farm/soil", "gross contamination n=3"). Prefer the paper's grading terms; comma-separate mixed descriptors. not_reported when contamination is unstated.
mechanism_of_injury	textharmonize	Injury mechanism distribution in this unit as a short noun-phrase list with counts when given (e.g., "fall from height n=12, MVC n=8, industrial n=3"). Harmonize common synonyms (RTA/MVC/MVA → MVC). not_reported when mechanism is unstated for this unit.
antibiotic_agents	textharmonize	Prophylactic antibiotic agent(s) used in this unit. Format: agent list with optional dose (e.g., "cefazolin", "ceftriaxone + gentamicin"). Harmonize brand to generic names. Capture prophylaxis regimen, not culture-directed treatment of established infection.
antibiotic_route	IVoralmixed	Route of prophylactic antibiotics in this unit. IV = parenteral only; oral = enteral only; mixed = both routes used in the prophylactic regimen. Refers to prophylaxis, not later treatment of infection.
antibiotic_duration_hours	average	Duration of prophylactic antibiotic administration in hours for this unit. Convert days to hours (×24). Use planned or protocol duration when only that is stated and note planned in comment; prefer actual duration when both appear. Distinct from time_to_first_antibiotic_dose_hours.
time_to_first_antibiotic_dose_hours	average	Time in hours from time_zero to first prophylactic antibiotic dose in this unit. Convert minutes to hours. Actual observed time, not a protocol target. Distinct from antibiotic_duration_hours and from operative timing fields.
fixation_type	volar_platedorsal_platebridge_plateext_fixatork_wiresnonoperativeother	Definitive fixation method predominant in this unit. volar_plate/dorsal_plate/bridge_plate = plate osteosynthesis by approach; ext_fixator = external fixation (spanning or non-spanning); k_wires = percutaneous wires alone; nonoperative = no fixation after debridement; other = fragment-specific, IM device, mixed methods without a majority, or unnamed. When multiple methods are used, pick the majority method or other if no majority; note the mix in comment.
staged_vs_immediate_fixation	stagedimmediate	Whether definitive fixation occurred in the same operative sitting as initial debridement. immediate = debridement and definitive fixation in one procedure; staged = temporary stabilization or debridement alone first, definitive fixation later. Classify from surgical-strategy description, not from timing-threshold labels alone.
number_of_debridements	average	Number of operative debridement procedures per patient in this unit, including the index debridement. Count operative trips for irrigation/debridement, not bedside dressing changes.
wound_closure_method	textharmonize	Method of wound management/closure in this unit (e.g., "primary closure", "delayed primary closure", "secondary intention", "STSG", "flap coverage"). Comma-separate mixed strategies with counts when given. Harmonize synonyms (split-thickness skin graft → STSG).