Normothermic regional perfusion for liver transplant outcomes from controlled donation after circulatory death
| Population undergoing liver transplantation |
| Donors from controlled donation after circulatory death (DCC/DCD) with or without NRP, or donation after neurological death (DNC/DBD) |
| Study evaluates at least one of: normothermic regional perfusion (TA-NRP or A-NRP) during controlled DCC liver recovery |
| Comparator is at least one of: controlled DCC without NRP with static cold storage, controlled DCC without NRP with ex-situ machine perfusion, or DNC |
| Randomized controlled trials or comparative observational studies |
| Published in English |
| Primary research published in peer-reviewed journals |
| Uncontrolled DCC donors (Maastricht categories I and II) |
| Case reports |
| Editorials |
| Commentaries |
| Letters |
| Narrative reviews |
| Animal studies |
Locate the arms in methods sections, randomization tables, or table column headers describing donor type and recovery/preservation strategy. Dimension (categorical) — the donor recovery and organ preservation strategy (NRP-recovered controlled DCC vs controlled DCC without NRP by preservation method vs DNC).
Controlled DCC liver recovery with in-situ normothermic regional perfusion (thoracoabdominal TA-NRP or abdominal-only A-NRP), with or without subsequent static cold storage or ex-situ machine perfusion, including 'NRP', 'TA-NRP', 'A-NRP', 'NRP-DCD', 'NRP-DCC', and 'in situ normothermic perfusion'.
Controlled DCC liver recovery without NRP followed by static cold storage only, including 'DCD + SCS', 'DCC static cold storage', 'standard cold storage DCD', and 'DCD without NRP or machine perfusion'.
Controlled DCC liver recovery without preceding in-situ NRP followed by ex-situ machine perfusion (hypothermic or normothermic), including 'DCD + NMP', 'DCD + HMP', 'ex-situ machine perfusion DCD', 'DCD machine perfusion alone', and 'MP without NRP'.
Donation after neurological death (brain death) donors with any preservation method, including 'DBD', 'DNC', 'DNDD', 'donation after brain death', and 'neurologic determination of death'.
| recipient_survival | Recipient (patient) survival after liver transplantation at reported follow-up time points. |
| graft_survival | Liver graft survival, including death-censored and non-death-censored definitions as reported. |
| ischemic_cholangiopathy | Non-anastomotic biliary strictures with patent hepatic artery, as defined by imaging or clinical criteria. |
| early_allograft_dysfunction | Early allograft dysfunction per Olthoff criteria or equivalent reported definitions. |
| primary_non_function | Primary graft dysfunction or primary non-function requiring urgent re-transplantation or resulting in death. |
| organ_utilization_rate | Number of livers transplanted divided by total number of available livers from the actual donor. |
| icu_length_of_stay | Recipient intensive care unit length of stay after transplantation. |
| hospital_length_of_stay | Recipient total hospital length of stay after transplantation. |
| hepatic_artery_thrombosis | Hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation. |
| other_biliary_complications | Biliary complications other than ischemic cholangiopathy, including anastomotic strictures and bile leaks. |
| retransplant_rate | Rate of re-transplantation after the index liver graft. |
| donor_conversion_rate | Number of actual donors divided by number of potential donors. |
| donor_family_satisfaction | Donor family satisfaction or impact measures related to the donation process. |